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XII Network Monitoring Protocols
We’ve seen TCP/IP utilities
and protocols for configuring the network, and troubleshooting problems
when they occur. There are also generic (not TCP/IP specific) utilities
for monitoring the network, collecting statistics and watching for potential
network problems. Typically, these utilities are provided by third-party
enterprise utility software vendors, or sometimes network hardware vendors,
rather than being included in the operating system as configuration
and troubleshooting utilities are.
These third-party utilities primarily
use the SNMP and RMON protocols to transmit status requests
from a management server to network devices, and replies back from the
devices to the management server.
SNMP (Simple Network Management
Protocol) was the first protocol designed to communicate
between a network management server and devices on a network. Programs
using SNMP send out protocol data units (PDU’s) to devices.
Each SNMP-compliant device runs an agent, which stores data
about itself in a Management Information Base (MIB), and responds
to queries from management servers using the information in the MIB.
An SNMP management program can set up thresholds for various
counters that are kept by an agent, and when a threshold
is exceeded, the agent issues a trap that is communicated
back to the management program.
 SNMP trap
An SNMP trap is generated when an alert threshold is exceeded.
RMON (Remote Monitoring) provides more information about resource use than do most versions of SNMP. It supports multiple types of MIB, compared to SNMP’s one.
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SNMP and Rmon Device Support
For devices to be managed by SNMP and Rmon, they must be designed to support those protocols.
For example, smart hubs and switches normally support SNMP, whereas standard hubs usually do not. |
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