CertiGuide to A+ (A+ 4 Real)  9  Chapter 5: The Linux Operating System       9  Basic Concepts and Procedures for Creating, Viewing and Editing Files and Directories            9  Common Commands

ls - List  Directory Contents 1 pwd - Print Name Of Current/Working Directory

The make directory command is very simple in its structure and concept simply type:

mkdir directory_name

and a directory within the current directory will be created with the name directory_name. This can be verified using the ls -l command to see the results and noting the d is in the leftmost position of the permissions area as shown:

drwxrwxr-x 2 phil phil 4096 Jun 9 04:22 directory_name

Please notice that this new directory is referred to as a directory as opposed to a sub-directory. Although technically it is a sub directory, clearly when one gets several levels down to refer to a sub sub sub sub directory can be very confusing so in general directories are referred to as directories whether they are within a directory or at the root level.

If you need to create a directory within a directory use:

mkdir dir_one/new_dir

However, the directory new_dir will only be created if the directory dir_one already exists. Using the -p option will cause the dir_one directory to be created if it does not exist followed by the creation of the new_dir directory.

ls - List  Directory Contents 1 pwd - Print Name Of Current/Working Directory