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Table Of Contents  CertiGuide to A+ (A+ 4 Real)
 9  Chapter 5: The Linux Operating System
      9  The User Model

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Starting Up and Shutting Down

Linux Systems can be started by simply turning on the power to the computer. After short wait and the log in prompt should appear on the screen.

Linux is an extremely stable operating system and unlike Windows systems, does not need to be constantly rebooted. It is very common for Linux systems, both servers and workstations, to run happily for days, months and even years without needing restarting. As such, the shutdown or halt command is not frequently executed. Usually root or system administrator privileges are needed to run this command. Be aware that one should never turn the power off a running Linux system. Like any modern operating system, file systems need to be properly closed before the system shuts down to prevent damage to the file system. Running the shut down command from the command line prompt will cause the system to properly shutdown and if the system is capable, turn off power.

Boot Messages

Note that the screen will display many messages during the boot process regarding various actions the kernel is completing and services that are being started. These messages are all saved in a log file if the system the administrator needs to review the status of the boot process.



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